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1.
Int. j. morphol ; 36(1): 92-96, Mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-893193

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: The critical shoulder angle and acromion index are conventional radiological tools employed as predictors of shoulder degeneration. As they represent the static components of glenohumeral stability, the scapulo-humeral geometry and underlying subacromial tissue appear as the resultant cause-effect factors. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to investigate the critical shoulder angle and acromion index as interrelated parameters within the South African population. The measurement of both biomechanical parameters was conducted on two-hundred and sixty (n = 260) true AP radiographs. This was a cross-sectional study that also incorporated the demographic representation of the population group which was analysed accordingly. The mean values recorded for both the critical shoulder angle (36.31±5.84º) and acromion index (0.74±0.13) suggested rotator cuff arthropathy. The results confirmed the theories of Nyffeler et al. (2006) and Moor et al. (2012) who alluded to glenoid inclination and the acromial coverage over the humeral head. A significant proportionality correlation, verified by a P value of 0.000, was established between the acromion index and critical shoulder angle which may assist to differentiate between normal asymptomatic shoulders and those with cuff disease. Furthermore, these predictors of shoulder degeneration may present as a preventative tool against tear progression.


RESUMEN: El ángulo crítico del hombro y el índice acromial son herramientas radiológicas convencionales empleadas como indicadores de la degeneración del hombro. Debido a que representan los componentes estáticos de la estabilidad glenohumeral, la geometría escápulo-humeral y el tejido subacromial subyacente aparecen como los factores causa-efecto resultantes. En consecuencia, el propósito de este estudio fue investigar el ángulo crítico del hombro y el índice acromial como parámetros interrelacionados dentro de la población sudafricana. La medición de ambos parámetros biomecánicos se realizó en 260 radiografías antero-posteriores (AP). Se realizó un estudio transversal que también incorporó la representación demográfica del grupo de la población que fue analizada. Los valores medios registrados tanto para el ángulo crítico del hombro (36,31 ± 5,84º) como para el índice del acromión (0,74 ± 0,13) sugirieron una artropatía del manguito rotador. Los resultados confirmaron las teorías de Nyffeler et al. (2006) y Moor et al. (2012) que aludían a la inclinación glenoide y a la cobertura acromial sobre la cabeza humeral. Se estableció una correlación de proporcionalidad significativa, verificada por un valor de P de 0,000, entre el índice acromial y el ángulo crítico del hombro, lo que puede ayudar a diferenciar entre los hombros asintomáticos normales y aquellos con enfermedad del manguito rotador. Además, estos predictores de degeneración del hombro pueden ser útiles como una herramienta preventiva contra la progresión del desgarro.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Acromion/pathology , Rotator Cuff/pathology , Shoulder/pathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , South Africa
2.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 30(1): 105-109, 2015. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-879

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O Dermatofibrossarcoma do Ombro é patologia incomum e seu tratamento demanda extensas ressecções. O sistema escapular é fonte de retalhos bastante utilizados nesta região. MÉTODO: Realizado estudo longitudinal, prospectivo, através da condução de um caso de Dermatofibrossarcoma Protuberans em ombro direito, submetido a ressecção e reconstrução local com Retalho Duoescapular, obtido através da associação dos retalhos escapular e paraescapular. RESULTADOS: Paciente evoluiu sem intercorrências no pós-operatório, não sendo observadas complicações sistêmicas e locais, e limitações funcionais. CONCLUSÃO: O Retalho Duoescapular é nova e relevante opção para reconstrução de feridas extensas, com exposição de estruturas nobres no ombro. Permite fechamento primário da área doadora, sem acrescentar morbidade ao procedimento.


INTRODUCTION: Shoulder cutaneous fibrosarcoma is an unusual pathology that requires extensive resections. The scapula is a source of flaps widely used in this region. METHOD: A longitudinal and prospective study was carried out in a patient with protuberans cutaneous fibrosarcoma on the right shoulder who underwent resection followed by local reconstruction with a Duoscapular Flap (a combination of scapular and parascapular flaps). RESULTS: The patient had no postoperative complications, as systemic and local complications as well as functional limitations were not observed. CONCLUSION: Duoscapular Flap placement is a novel procedure and a relevant choice for the reconstruction of extensive wounds exposing noble structures in the shoulder. It allows the primary closure of the donor area without increasing the morbidity of the procedure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , History, 21st Century , Scapula , Shoulder , Surgery, Plastic , Surgical Flaps , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Dermatofibrosarcoma , Plant Root Nodulation , Fibrosarcoma , Scapula/surgery , Scapula/pathology , Shoulder/surgery , Shoulder/pathology , Surgery, Plastic/adverse effects , Surgery, Plastic/methods , Surgical Flaps/surgery , Dermatofibrosarcoma/surgery , Dermatofibrosarcoma/pathology , Fibrosarcoma/surgery , Fibrosarcoma/pathology
3.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 49(6): 642-646, Nov-Dec/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-732908

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the expression of the genes COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1 and COL5A1 in the glenohumeral capsule of patients with traumatic anterior instability of the shoulder. Methods: Samples from the glenohumeral capsule of 18 patients with traumatic anterior instability of the shoulder were evaluated. Male patients with a positive grip test and a Bankart lesion seen on magnetic resonance imaging were included. All the patients had suffered more than one episode of shoulder dislocation. Samples were collected from the injured glenohumeral capsule (anteroinferior region) and from the macroscopically unaffected region (anterosuperior region) of each patient. The expression of collagen genes was evaluated using the polymerase chain reaction after reverse transcription with quantitative analysis (qRT-PCR). Results: The expression of COL1A1, COL1A2 and COL3A1 did not differ between the two regions of the shoulder capsule. However, it was observed that the expression of COL5A1 was significantly lower in the anteroinferior region than in the anterosuperior region (median ± interquartile range: 0.057 ±0.052 vs. 0.155 ±0.398; p = 0.028) of the glenohumeral capsule. Conclusion: The affected region of the glenohumeral capsule in patients with shoulder instability presented reduced expression of COL5A1...


Objetivo: Avaliar a expressão dos genes COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1 e COL5A1 na cápsula glenoumeral de pacientes com instabilidade anterior traumática do ombro. Métodos: Foram avaliadas amostras de cápsula glenoumeral de 18 pacientes com instabilidade anterior traumática do ombro. Foram incluídos pacientes masculinos, com teste de apreensão positivo e lesão de Bankart no exame de ressonância magnética. Todos os pacientes sofreram mais de um episódio de luxação do ombro. Foram coletadas amostras da cápsula glenoumeral lesionada (região anteroinferior) e da região macroscopicamente não afetada (região anterossuperior) de cada paciente. A expressão dos genes de colágeno foi avaliada por reação em cadeia da polimerase após transcrição reversa com análise quantitativa (qRT-PCR). Resultados: A expressão de COL1A1, COL1A2 e COL3A1 não diferiu entre as duas regiões da cápsula do ombro. No entanto, foi observado que a expressão de COL5A1 estava significantemente reduzida na região anteroinferior em relação à região anterossuperior (mediana ± intervalo interquartílico: 0,057 ± 0,052 vs 0,155 ± 0,398; p = 0,028) da cápsula glenoumeral. Conclusão: A região afetada da cápsula glenoumeral de pacientes com instabilidade do ombro apresentou uma expressão reduzida de COL5A1...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Collagen , Extracellular Matrix , Gene Expression , Joint Capsule , Shoulder/pathology
4.
Rev. Asoc. Argent. Ortop. Traumatol ; 79(1): 35-43, mar. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-715111

ABSTRACT

Las lesiones del nervio torácico producen parálisis del serrato anterior y originan una deformidad característica (escápula alata), que genera debilidad y alteraciones importantes en la movilidad del hombro. En esta revisión, se analizan conceptos sobre anatomía, etiología, presentación clínica y alternativas terapéuticas.


The long thoracic nerve injuries are manifested by a characteristic deformity called scapula alata, causing weakness, and impaired shoulder mobility. In this review current concepts of the anatomy, etiology, clinical presentation and therapeutic management are analyzed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Shoulder/innervation , Shoulder/pathology , Thoracic Nerves/anatomy & histology , Thoracic Nerves/injuries , Brachial Plexus Neuropathies/surgery , Brachial Plexus Neuropathies/etiology , Paralysis , Decompression, Surgical , Nerve Transfer , Tendon Transfer
5.
Korean Journal of Radiology ; : 764-770, 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-228630

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) observer variability to detect ectopic insertion of the pectoralis minor tendon (EIPMT) and to investigate changes in the rotator interval in patients with EIPMT using MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 507 shoulder MRIs (male:female = 259:248; mean age, 55.4 years) were classified into 1) normal type insertion of the pectoralis minor tendon, 2) complete type EIPMT, and 3) partial type EIPMT independently by two radiologists. Inter-observer agreement was calculated using the kappa coefficient. Thickness of the fibrotic scar tissue in the subcoracoid triangle and humeral side axillary recess was measured. MRIs were reviewed by consensus with regard to the grade of fibrotic scar tissue proliferation in the rotator interval. Comparisons were made between normal and EIPMT and between partial and complete type EIPMT. RESULTS: The incidence of EIPMT was 13.4% (complete type, 7.7%; partial type, 5.7%). Inter-observer agreement was substantial (kappa = 0.775). Fibrotic scar tissue in the subcoracoid triangle was thicker, and the grade of fibrotic scar tissue proliferation in the rotator interval was higher in the EIPMT group than those in the control group. No significant difference was observed in the thickness of humeral side axillary recess. The thicknesses of fibrotic scar tissue in the subcoracoid triangle and humeral side axillary recess as well as the grade of fibrotic scar tissue in the rotator interval were not significantly different between complete and partial type EIPMT. CONCLUSION: MRI enabled detection of EIPMT with substantial observer agreement. Patients with EIPMT show a high tendency for fibrotic scar tissue proliferation in the rotator interval.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Rotator Cuff/pathology , Shoulder/pathology , Tendons/pathology
6.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 47(4): 436-440, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-656122

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados clínico-funcionais das reparações artroscópicas de lesões pequenas e médias do tendão do músculo supraespinal. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados, retrospectivamente, 129 casos de lesões isoladas pequenas ou médias do tendão do músculo supraespinal. O tempo médio de dor foi de 29 meses. A amplitude articular média era de 136º de elevação ativa, 48º de rotação lateral, rotação medial no nível T12 e a escala funcional pré-operatória da UCLA foi, em média, de 17 pontos. Em todos os casos foi possível o reparo completo da lesão. RESULTADOS: A pontuação pela escala funcional da UCLA no período pós-operatório foi, em média, de 32 pontos. O tempo médio de seguimento foi de 39 meses. Setenta e cinco casos (58%) tiveram resultados excelentes e 42 (32%), bons. A elevação ativa final teve a média de 156º, com ganho médio de 20º, e a rotação lateral final foi, em média, de 57º, com ganho médio de 9º, ambos estatisticamente significativos (P < 0,05). Os pacientes submetidos à tenotomia da cabeça longa do bíceps (CLB), com ou sem tenodese, não apresentaram resultado funcional estatisticamente inferior àqueles que foram submetidos somente à descompressão e reparo da lesão (P = 1,00). Quatorze casos (10,8%) apresentaram complicações no período pós-operatório. Seis casos (4,6%) desenvolveram capsulite adesiva e quatro (3,1%) tiveram rerruptura do tendão comprovada por ressonância magnética. CONCLUSÕES: O reparo artroscópico das lesões pequenas e médias do tendão do músculo supraespinal proporcionou melhora clínico-funcional com bons e excelentes resultados em 90% dos casos.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes from arthroscopic repairs on small and medium-sized tears of the supraspinatus muscle tendon. METHODS: 129 cases of isolated small and medium tears of the supraspinatus muscle tendon were evaluated retrospectively. The average duration of pain was 29 months. The average joint range of motion comprised active elevation of 136º, lateral rotation of 58º and medial rotation at T12 level; and the preoperative functional UCLA score averaged 17 points. In all the cases, complete repair could be achieved. RESULTS: The average score on the UCLA functional scale in the postoperative period was 32 points. The average length of follow-up was 39 months. Seventy-five cases (58%) had excellent results and 42 (32%) had good results. The average final active elevation was 156º with an average gain of 20º, and the average final lateral rotation was 57º with an average gain of 9º. Both of these were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The patients who underwent tenotomy of the long head of the biceps (LHB), with or without tenodesis, did not present statistically inferior functional outcomes, in comparison with the patients who only underwent decompression and lesion repair (P = 1.00). Fourteen cases (10.8%) presented complications during the postoperative period. Six (4.6%) developed adhesive capsulitis and four (3.1%) presented re-rupture of the tendon, proven by means of magnetic resonance imaging. CONCLUSIONS: Arthroscopic repair of small and medium tears of the supraspinatus muscle tendon provided a functional clinical improvement, with good and excellent results in 90% of the cases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Arthroscopy/rehabilitation , Rotator Cuff/injuries , Shoulder/surgery , Shoulder/pathology , Follow-Up Studies
7.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 47(3): 330-336, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-649669

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os resultados funcionais, clínicos e identificar fatores prognósticos nos pacientes operados com rotura isolada do tendão subescapular por via artroscópica MÉTODOS: Entre janeiro de 2003 a maio de 2009, identificamos 18 ombros com roturas-desinserções isoladas, completas ou de pelo menos um terço do tendão subescapular submetidos ao reparo artroscópico. RESULTADOS: Três ombros (17%) apresentaram lesão do 1/3 superior do subescapular; nove ombros (50%), 2/3 superiores e desinserção completa em seis ombros (33%). Ao comparar-se a amplitude de rotação lateral do membro acometido no momento pré-operatório e no momento da reavaliação, não houve diferença estatística (p = 0,091). Houve o acometimento do TCLB em 11 ombros, 61%. De acordo com a validação do escore de Constant, obtivemos 83% de resultados excelentes e bons e 17%, razoáveis. Três pacientes no momento da reavaliação apresentaram ressonância magnética com re-rotura. A acromioplastia foi realizada em 10 casos. Não foi observada influência estatística deste procedimento nos resultados, p = 0,57. CONCLUSÕES: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação à rotação lateral pré-operatória comparando-se o lado acometido com o contralateral. Não houve perda significativa da rotação lateral pós-operatória. O TCLB pode apresentar-se normal nas desinserções do tendão do subescapular. A acromioplastia não influenciou os resultados. O índice de re-rotura do reparo artroscópico do tendão do subescapular foi de 16,6%.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the functional and clinical outcomes and identify prognostic factors in patients undergoing arthroscopic repair of isolated tears of the subscapularis tendon tear. METHODS: Between January 2003 and May 2009, we identified 18 shoulders with isolated tears or deinsertions that were complete or affected at least one third of the subscapularis tendon and underwent arthroscopic repair. RESULTS: Three shoulders (17%) showed lesions in the upper third of the subscapularis; nine shoulders (50%) showed lesions in the upper two thirds; and six shoulders (33%) presented complete tears. In comparing the range of lateral rotation of the injured shoulder between before surgery and the time of the reevaluation, there was no statistical difference (p = 0.091). The LHBT was damaged in 11 shoulders (61%). According to the Constant score validation, we had excellent and good results in 83% of the cases and 17% were reasonable. The reevaluations on three patients showed re-tearing on MRI. Acromioplasty was performed on ten patients and this procedure did not represent statistical differences in the final results (p = 0.57). CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistically significant difference in relation to preoperative lateral rotation between the injured shoulder and the contralateral side. There was no significant loss of lateral rotation after surgery. The LHBT may be normal in deinsertions of the subscapularis tendon. Acromioplasty did not influence the results. The re-tearing rate for arthroscopic repair of the subscapularis tendon was 16.6%.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Arthroscopy , Shoulder/surgery , Shoulder/pathology , Rotator Cuff
8.
An. bras. dermatol ; 86(6): 1189-1192, nov.-dez. 2011. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-610427

ABSTRACT

A 42-year-old male patient, alcoholic, presented showing signs of tumors in the neck and around the shoulders, scaly, erythematous-violaceous lesions and some bullous lesions in sun-exposed areas of upper and lower limbs. Based on clinical features, laboratory tests and imaging studies we have established the diagnosis of pellagra associated with benign symmetrical lipomatosis, both justified by chronic alcoholism. Treated with intravenous B-complex and oriented about the importance of alcohol withdrawal, the patient showed complete remission of skin lesions, but with no change in the lipomatosis.


Paciente masculino, 42 anos, etilista crônico, apresentando quadro de tumorações em região cervical e ao redor dos ombros, lesões eritemato-violáceas, descamativas e algumas lesões bolhosas, nas áreas fotoexpostas dos membros superiores e inferiores. Baseado no quadro clínico e nos exames complementares, foi estabelecido o diagnóstico de pelagra associada à lipomatose simétrica benigna, sendo ambos os quadros justificados pelo etilismo crônico. Tratado com reposição de complexo B intravenoso e orientado quanto à importância da abstinência alcoólica, apresentou remissão completa do quadro cutâneo, porém sem alteração da lipomatose.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Alcoholism/complications , Lipomatosis, Multiple Symmetrical/complications , Pellagra/complications , Alcoholism/diagnosis , Head/pathology , Lipomatosis, Multiple Symmetrical/diagnosis , Neck/pathology , Pellagra/diagnosis , Shoulder/pathology , Skin/pathology
9.
Rev. chil. cir ; 63(2): 200-203, abr. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-582973

ABSTRACT

Cutaneous necrosis is a rare but serious complication, among patients treated with warfarin or acenocumarol derivatives. We report a 71 years old female with a history of deep venous thrombosis, receiving acenocumarol for three months. The treatment was discontinued, but had to be restarted, due to a new episode of thrombosis. Three days after restarting acenocumarol, the patient consulted for ecchymosis and pain of the right foot. At physical examination, there was distal cyanosis and absence of distal pulses. The patient was subjected to an embolectomy with the suspicion of an acute arterial occlusion, but no emboli were found. Due to the possibility of a cutaneous necrosis caused by Acenocumarol, the medication is discontinued. The cutaneous lesions progressed and eight days after the failed embolectomy, a gangrene of the right foot was diagnosed. The patient did not accept amputation dying fourteen days after the first intervention.


A propósito un caso registrado, se resume la historia clínica y se revisa la literatura, dada la escasa frecuencia de esta complicación derivada del tratamiento por anticoagulantes orales. La necrosis cutánea es un evento adverso raro, pero serio, de la anticoagulación con derivados de acenocumarol o warfarina. Se comunicó por primera vez en 1943. La incidencia de la necrosis cutánea inducida por anticoagulantes orales es de 0,01 al 0,1 por ciento de los pacientes tratados. El número de casos publicados en el mundo es de aproximadamente 300, y menos de 100 en lengua inglesa en las últimas tres décadas. Este trabajo reporta el caso de una paciente que presenta necrosis cutánea en hombro izquierdo y pierna derecha.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Acenocoumarol/adverse effects , Anticoagulants/adverse effects , Necrosis/chemically induced , Skin/pathology , Administration, Oral , Acenocoumarol/administration & dosage , Anticoagulants/administration & dosage , Fatal Outcome , Gangrene/chemically induced , Shoulder/pathology , Foot/pathology , Warfarin/adverse effects
10.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 46(3): 288-292, 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-597800

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Apresentar a técnica cirúrgica pelo sistema HemiCAP-Arthrosurface® e a avaliação dos resultados com esta técnica no tratamento da osteoartrose primária e/ou secundária do ombro. MÉTODO: Entre junho/2007 e junho/2009, 10 ombros de 10 pacientes, sendo nove com osteoartrose primária e um com necrose avascular da cabeça umeral, foram submetidos à artroplastia de superfície pelo sistema HemiCAP-Arthrosurface para correção do problema. O tempo de seguimento variou de seis a 29 meses, com média de 17 meses. A idade variou de 62 a 73 anos com média de 67,5 anos. Seis pacientes eram do sexo feminino e quatro do sexo masculino. Os pacientes foram acompanhados semanalmente no primeiro mês e a cada três meses após o procedimento cirúrgico. A avaliação clínica foi feita por meio dos critérios da University of Califórnia at Los Angeles (UCLA) e escala analógica de dor. RESULTADOS: Todos os pacientes operados encontravam-se satisfeitos com os resultados do tratamento cirúrgico, com uma média de 30 pontos e dois pontos nas escalas de avaliação da UCLA e analógica de dor, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: O sistema HemiCAP-Arthrosurface® utilizado na cirurgia do ombro para um grupo específico de pacientes é uma técnica cirúrgica que preserva o estoque ósseo com bons resultados funcionais e antálgicos.


OBJECTIVE: To present the surgical technique for the HemiCAP-Arthrosurface® system and evaluate our results from this technique for treating primary and/or secondary shoulder osteoarthrosis. METHOD: Between June 2007 and June 2009, 10 shoulders of 10 patients (nine with primary osteoarthrosis and one with avascular necrosis of the humeral head) underwent surface arthroplasty using the HemiCAP-Arthrosurface® system to correct the problem. The follow-up time ranged from six to 29 months (mean of 17 months). The patients' ages ranged from 62 to 73 years (mean of 67.5 years). Six patients were female and four patients were male. The patients were followed up weekly for the first month after the surgical procedure and every three months thereafter. The clinic evaluation was done using the criteria of the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) and a visual analogue pain scale. RESULTS: All the patients said that they were satisfied with the results from the surgical treatment, with a mean UCLA score of 30 points and a mean analogue pain score of two points. CONCLUSION: The HemiCAP-Arthrosurface® system for shoulder surgery for a specific group of patients is a technique that preserves the bone stock with good functional and antalgic results.


Subject(s)
Aged , Arthroplasty/methods , Osteoarthritis , Shoulder/pathology
11.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 44(3): 254-259, maio-jun. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-524575

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Relatar um caso raro de tuberculose disseminada em paciente imunocompetente, que evoluiu, durante o tratamento medicamentoso padrão, com envolvimento do tendão da porção longa do bíceps e da articulação do ombro. MÉTODOS: À primeira avaliação, o diagnóstico correto não foi feito e o paciente foi tratado com fisioterapia para tendinopatia do manguito rotador. Entretanto, apresentou rápida formação de massa na região anterior do terço proximal do braço e piora da dor. A punção da massa revelou líquido amarelado, cuja análise laboratorial confirmou tratar-se de infecção por M. tuberculosis. RESULTADOS: O paciente foi tratado com desbridamento cirúrgico e troca do esquema medicamentoso e evoluiu com resolução do quadro infeccioso e melhora completa da função do ombro direito. CONCLUSÃO: Devido a sua alta prevalência no Brasil, a tuberculose deve sempre ser considerada no diagnóstico diferencial dos casos de comprometimento crônico e progressivo das articulações, ossos, músculos, tendões e bursas, mesmo em indivíduos imunocompetentes.


OBJECTIVE: The authors report a rare case of disseminated tuberculosis which had compromised the long head of biceps tendon and shoulder joint, during standard drug therapy. METHODS: On a first sight, the accurate diagnosis wasn't accomplished and the patient had been treated with physiotherapy for rotator cuff tear. However, the patient presented with a fast growing mass in anterior region of the proximal third of the arm, complaining of pain increase. Aspirative punction of the mass revealed a yellow fluid and the laboratorial analysis confirmed infection by M. Tuberculosis. The patient was treated with surgical debridement and his drug therapy was changed. RESULTS: Resolution of infectious status and complete shoulder function restoration was succeeded. CONCLUSION: Due to its high prevalence in Brazil, tuberculosis must always be considered as a possible cause of inflammatory joint disease, even in immunocompetent patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Infections , Shoulder/pathology , Rotator Cuff , Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular
12.
RBM rev. bras. med ; 66(supl.2): 30-33, abr. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-530426

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Descrever um caso de infecção por Mycobacterium tuberculosis, comprometendo ombro esquerdo de paciente do sexo masculino, com 24 anos de idade, que referia dor constante, difusa, sem irradiações e fatores de melhora ou piora. A dor se iniciou espontaneamente há três meses, sem história traumática. Métodos: A radiografia de ombro esquerdo não revelou anormalidades e a ressonância magnética da articulação indicou imagem sugestiva de lesão do lábio superior da glenoide. Após tratamento inicial conservador com uso de anti-inflamatório não hormonal e fisioterapia, sem sucesso, foi realizada artroscopia da articulação acometida, desbridando os tecidos inflamados e realizando-se ressecção de material para exame anatomopatológico, o qual teve como resultado granulomas sugestivos de infecção por Mycobacterium tuberculosis. O diagnóstico foi confirmado por pesquisa de infecção por micobactérias. Foi realizada antibioticoterapia específica para tuberculose, havendo regressão completa do quadro após o término do tratamento. Conclusão: O trabalho destaca a importância do método artroscópico no diagnóstico e tratamento dessa lesão do ombro.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Arthroscopy , Shoulder/pathology , Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular/pathology , Shoulder Joint/pathology , Shoulder Joint
13.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-44949

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To study the occurrence of shoulder subluxation, shoulder pain in stroke patients and identify factors associated to these conditions during rehabilitation period. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Stroke patients from 9 rehabilitation centers from March to December 2006 were enrolled in the present study. All subjects were registered for demographic data including risk factors and type of stroke. They were assessed for motor recovery, cognitive ability, functional ability, psychological reaction and quality of life by using Brunnstrom stage, Thai Mental State Examination (TMSE), Barthel ADL Index (BI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaires respectively at the beginning and the end of the present study. The occurence of shoulder subluxation and shoulder pain were recorded and then were analyzed for the associated factors. All subjects received the conventional rehabilitation program until they reached their rehabilitation goals or discharge criteria. RESULTS: Of 376 stroke patients, 327 met the inclusion criteria, 62 patients (19%) were found to have shoulder pain and 122 (37%) patients had shoulder subluxation. Shoulder pain was significantly more frequent in subjects with shoulder subluxation (odds ratio (OR) 2.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.38-4.46) and at 2-6 months after stroke onset (OR 4.0, 95% CI 2.06-7.79). Shoulder subluxation was significantly associated with hemorrhagic type of stroke (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.08-3.93), loss of proprioceptive sensation (OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.26-7.29) and negatively associated with Brunnstrom's stage of arm recovery (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.34-0.56). No significant functional and quality of life impact was found from these conditions. CONCLUSION: Post stroke shoulder pain and subluxation were common during the rehabilitation period. Shoulder pain significantly occurred within 6 months after stroke onset and increased risk in patients with shoulder subluxation. Shoulder subluxation was correlated with Brunnstrom's stage, proprioceptive loss and hemorrhagic type of stroke.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cohort Studies , Confidence Intervals , Female , Health Status Indicators , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Odds Ratio , Psychological Tests , Psychometrics , Quality of Life/psychology , Registries , Risk Factors , Shoulder/pathology , Shoulder Dislocation/complications , Shoulder Joint/injuries , Shoulder Pain/etiology , Stroke/complications , Time Factors , Young Adult
14.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 14(2): 119-121, mar.-abr. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-487447

ABSTRACT

Estudos anteriores têm mostrado que o nível aeróbico e de força pré-treinamento influenciam os ganhos obtidos após um período de treino. Nenhum estudo investigou esta relação em um programa de flexibilidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi observar a influência da limitação da amplitude de movimento (ADM) sobre a melhora da ADM de rotação externa de ombro após um programa de alongamento de seis semanas. 30 voluntários, estudantes de fisioterapia, com limitação da ADM de rotação externa de ombro foram divididos de forma randomizadas em três grupos: grupo controle (GC), grupo experimental 1 (GE1), com maior limitação de ADM e grupo experimental 2 (GE2), com menor limitação de ADM. Os sujeitos do grupo experimental foram submetidos a um programa de seis semanas de alongamento ativo para melhora da ADM de rotação externa de ombro. Na análise dos resultados, o teste de ANOVA one-way mostrou uma diferença significativa entre a média do ganho de ADM de rotação externa de ombro entre os três grupos (p=0,001), sendo que o GE1 teve o maior ganho de ADM (30,1° ± 8,6°) seguido pelos grupos GE2 (15,2° ± 7,5°) e GC (1,1° ± 5,8°). O teste de correlação de Pearson mostrou uma correlação negativa significativa entre ADM prévia e ganho de ADM (r= -0,70, p=0,001). Os resultados deste estudo mostraram que a ADM prévia de rotação externa de ombro influencia o ganho de ADM deste movimento após um programa de alongamento de seis semanas em uma população jovem e saudável. Indivíduos com maior limitação de ADM respondem com um ganho de ADM mais pronunciado.


Previous research has shown that pre-training aerobic and strength status can influence on the training results, with untrained individuals presenting a more pronounced improvement. No study has investigated this correlation in a flexibility program so far. The purpose of this study was to observe the influence of the range of motion (ROM) limitation on ROM gain after a six-week shoulder external rotation stretching training. 30 volunteer physiotherapy students, with limited shoulder external rotation ROM were randomly assigned to one of three groups: control group (CG), experimental group 1 (EG1), with wider ROM limitation, and experimental group 2 (EG2), with narrower ROM limitation. Subjects in the experimental groups were submitted to a 6-week program of active shoulder external rotation stretching. One-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in mean external rotation ROM gains among all three groups (p=0.001), with EG1 having the highest ROM increase (30.1° ± 8.6°), followed by EG2 (15.2° ± 7.5°) and CG (1.1° ± 5.8°). The Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between previous ROM and ROM improvement (r= -0.70, p=0.001).The results of our study showed that shoulder external rotation ROM limitation influences ROM improvement after a six-week stretching program in a healthy young population. Subjects with more pronounced ROM limitation respond with a more remarkable ROM improvement.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Muscle Stretching Exercises , Shoulder/pathology , Range of Motion, Articular , Rehabilitation
15.
Medical Principles and Practice. 2008; 17 (6): 481-485
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-89026

ABSTRACT

This study was designed to assess the ability of physical therapy [PT] students to utilize selected outcome measures such as range of motion [ROM], pain and a number of psychomotor skills and to determine the efficacy of treatment they carried out during orthopedic clinical training. The clinical education booklets in orthopedics of all PT students over a 6-year period were reviewed. Students' application of psychomotor skills such as peripheral joint mobilizations [PJM], proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation [PNF] techniques, therapeutic exercise techniques as well as utilization of basic outcome measures such as ROM and pain were analyzed with descriptive statistics and paired t test. A majority of students used PJM techniques [78.6%] and PNF techniques [58.6%]. The paired t test indicated that treatment interventions used by the students were associated with improved shoulder joint ROM and decreased pain levels [p < 0.001]. At the same time, therapeutic exercises were employed by the students after PJM and PNF. The most common 'comparable joint sign' was limitation in shoulder abduction ROM, which occurred in 44% of patients seen by the students. PT students' application of PJM, PNF, and therapeutic exercise improved ROM and decreased pain in patients with shoulder pathologies


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Physical Therapy Specialty/education , Range of Motion, Articular , Shoulder/pathology , Students, Health Occupations , Pain Measurement , Shoulder Pain/therapy
16.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 42(10): 349-353, out. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-470915

ABSTRACT

Apresenta-se rara variação de ombro flutuante associada a luxação glenoumeral posterior em paciente masculino, 26 anos de idade, vítima de acidente motociclístico. Ao exame, queixava-se de dor no ombro esquerdo, limitação dos movimentos, principalmente da rotação externa. A radiografia em ântero-posterior (AP) verdadeiro mostrou fratura do colo da glenóide, sem envolvimento articular, e fratura do processo coracóide. A radiografia em perfil, axilar e a tomografia computadorizada confirmaram a luxação posterior. Os autores discutem as questões que fazem deste um caso singular no qual se optou por redução aberta e fixação da fratura com placa de reconstrução pélvica. O controle radiológico confirmou o restabelecimento da anatomia. A fratura consolidou-se, resultando em um ombro normal e funcional.


A rare variation of the floating shoulder is presented, combined with a posterior glenohumeral dislocation in a male, 26 year old patient, victim of a motorcycle accident. On physical examination, he complained of pain in the left shoulder, limitation of should movements, in particular external rotation. True anteroposterior X-ray showed a fracture of the glenoid neck without joint involvement and fracture of the coracoid process. Profile, axillary X-ray and CT scan confirmed the posterior dislocation. The authors discuss the features that make this case a unique case for which open reduction and fracture fixation with a pelvic reconstruction plate were chosen. Radiological follow-up confirmed recovery of the anatomy. The fracture healed and the result is a normal, functional shoulder.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Shoulder Dislocation/diagnosis , Shoulder/injuries , Shoulder/pathology , Shoulder Fractures
17.
Acta ortop. bras ; 15(5): 258-261, 2007. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-473505

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a retroversão da cabeça do úmero em jogadores de handebol e sua relação com a movimentação do ombro. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 17 jogadores profissionais por meio de exame físico e avaliação radiográfica, para se determinar o ângulo de retroversão e, sua relação com o arco de movimento. O mesmo foi realizado num grupo controle. RESULTADOS: A diferença entre a média do ângulo de retroversão da cabeça do úmero do membro dominante e não dominante foi de 3,06°. Entre eles, aqueles que tiveram um início de treino antes dos 10 anos, apresentaram uma média desse ângulo de 36,29°, enquanto que aqueles que iniciaram acima dessa idade tinham uma média de 26,6° (p< 0,05). A média da rotação lateral do membro dominante, cujo ângulo de retroversão era maior que 30°, foi 112,27°, e naqueles, em que o ângulo era inferior ou igual a 30°, a média foi 95,10° (p<0,05). CONCLUSÃO: Houve uma diferença estatística na retroversão quando comparamos os ombros dominantes e não dominantes. Os atletas que começaram a jogar antes dos 10 anos apresentaram, estatisticamente, uma maior retroversão. Há uma relação estatística entre o aumento da retroversão com o aumento da rotação lateral.


OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the humeral head retroversion of handball players and its relationship to shoulder's range of motion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventeen professional players were evaluated by physical examination and X-ray images to determine the humeral head retroversion and its relationship to the range of motion. A control group was also submitted to the same evaluations. RESULTS: The difference between the average of the humeral head retroversion of the dominant and non dominant shoulders was 3.06°. The mean value for this angle between the athletes who had started training as early as 10 years old was 36.29°, compared to those who had started later in life, which was 26.6° (p<0.05). The average of the external rotation of the players whose retroversion angle was bigger than 30° was 112.27°, and for those whose angle was smaller or equal to 30°, it was 95.10° (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: There was a significant difference in the retroversion angle when comparing dominant and non-dominant shoulders. The athletes who started to play before the age of 10 presented, statistically, an increased retroversion. There is a statistical relationship between retroversion increase and shoulder's external rotation gain.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Bone Retroversion , Humeral Head , Bone Retroversion/physiopathology , Athletic Injuries/diagnosis , Humerus , Humeral Head/physiology , Humeral Head , Physical Examination/methods , Shoulder/physiology , Shoulder/pathology
19.
Journal of Korean Medical Science ; : 660-666, 2007.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-48766

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this study were: 1) to identify the ultrasonographic (US) abnormalities and 2) to compare the findings of physical examination with US findings in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with shoulder pain. We studied 30 RA patients. Physical examination was performed systemically as follows: 1) area of tenderness; 2) range of passive and active shoulder motion; 3) impingement tests; 4) maneuvers for determining the location of the tendon lesions. US investigations included the biceps, the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and subscapularis tendons; the subacromial-subdeltoid bursa; and the glenohumeral and acromioclavicular joints. Thirty RA patients with 35 painful and 25 non-painful shoulders were examined. The range of motion affected the most by shoulder pain was abduction. The most frequent US finding of shoulder joint was effusion in the long head of the biceps tendon. Among the rotator cuff tendons, subscapularis was the most frequently involved. Tendon tear was also common among non-painful shoulders. Physical examination used for the diagnosis of shoulder pain had low sensitivity and specificity for detecting abnormalities in the rheumatoid shoulder joint. In conclusion, US abnormalities showed frequent tendon tears in our RA patients. Physical examination had low sensitivity and specificity for detecting rotator cuff tear in the rheumatoid shoulder joint.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/complications , Physical Examination/methods , Reproducibility of Results , Rotator Cuff/pathology , Shoulder/pathology , Shoulder Joint/diagnostic imaging , Shoulder Pain/etiology , Tendons/pathology
20.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 41(10): 438-431, out. 2006. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-453256

ABSTRACT

O cisto espinoglenoidal, associado com lesão SLAP (superior labrum antero-posterior tear) e neuropatia do su-pra-escapular é uma lesão rara, que acomete com maior freqüência pacientes do sexo masculino na terceira e na quarta década de vida. O quadro clínico caracteriza-se pela presença de dor na região posterior do ombro, associada a um déficit da força de rotação lateral contra-resis-tência e hipotrofia do músculo infra-espinhoso. A ressonância magnética (RM) e a eletromiografia (EMG) definem o diagnóstico e auxiliam o controle pós-operatório. O tratamento artroscópico com drenagem do cisto e reparo da lesão superior do lábio glenoidal é a melhor opção de tratamento, com baixos índices de recidiva. Os autores relatam um caso raro, de cisto espinoglenoidal associado com lesão SLAP e neuropatia do supra-escapular, tratado com artroscopia do ombro e avaliado no período pré e pósoperatório com RM e EMG.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Scapula/innervation , Nerve Compression Syndromes , Shoulder/pathology , Synovial Cyst
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